Tolstoy Farm
Tolstoy Farm was a community of Indians started by Gandhiji in Transvaaal, South Africa, in 1910. It became the headquarters of the campaign of Satyagraha (nonviolence). The farm, 21 miles away from Johannesburg, had been bought by Herman Kallenbach, one of Gandhiji's supporters. Both Kallenbach and Gandhiji were highly impressed by Tolstoy's writings. So they decided to name the farm after Tolstoy. The inmates of the farm were schooled by Gandhiji himself
ഗാന്ധിജിയുടെ ആത്മകഥയുടെ ഒരു ഭാഗമാണ് " ടോൾസ്റ്റോയ് ഫാം ' . ഗാന്ധിജി “ ടോൾസ്റ്റോയ് ഫാം ' എന്ന താൻ ആരംഭിച്ച ഇന്ത്യാക്കാരുടെ സംഘടനയ്ക്ക് കൊടുക്കുവാൻ കാരണം ആ നാളുകളിൽ ഗാന്ധിജിയെ ഏറ്റവും സ്വാധീനിച്ച വ്യക്തി ടോൾസ്റ്റോയ് ആയിരുന്നതിനാലാണ് . അദ്ദേഹം തന്നെയായിരുന്നു " ടോൾസ്റ്റോയ് ഫാം ' ലെ അംഗങ്ങളുടെ പൊതുവായ ഗുരുവും .
Mahatma Gandhi ( Our Father Of Nation)
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 - 30 January 1948), the Father of the Nation, was the prominent leader of Freedom Movement in India. Non-violence was the unique weapon he used. His ideals of non-violence, truth and peace are relevant even today.
Date Of Birth:-October 2, 1869
Place Of Birth:- Porbandar, Gujarat
Parents:- Gandhi (father); Putlibai Gandhi (mother)
Spouse :-Kasturba Gandhi
Education :- Alfred High School (1887), UCL Faculty Of Laws, Samaldas Arts College, City, University of London.
Death 30 January 1948, New Delhi
Read and respond
1)- Who were the inmates of the Tolstoy Farm?
A)-. Hindu, Musalman, Parsi, and Christian boys, and some Hindu girls
2)-. Why couldn't Gandhiji appoint special teachers for Indian students?
A)-Qualified teachers were very rare and the few teachers available were not ready to work in a distant place on a small salary.
3. What did Gandhiji regard as the proper foundation for the education of the children?
A)-Character building was regarded as the proper foundation for education.
4)-. Who were the people who assisted Gandhiji in literary training?
A)-Mr. Kallenbach and Sjit. Pragji Desai helped him in literary training.
5. What training was given to children of all ages in the farm?
A) Training on gardening.
6)-What were the different types of works in the Tolstoy Farm?
A)-. Digging pits, felling timber, lifting loads, and all works from cooking to scavenging were done by the children in the Farm.
7)-. Why was illness scarce on the farm?
The children were healthy because of the good air, water, regular hours of food, along with doing all types of works.
8)-How did Gandhiji introduce vocational training in Tolstoy Farm?
A)-. Gandhiji along with Mr. Kallenbach taught shoe- making to the interested children In carpentry also training was given. Almost all the youngsters know cooking.
9)- What made learning a cheerful experience for children in the farm?
The teachers also co operated and worked along with the youngsters.
Words Meanings
Scarce =not having much -
Impart=പകർന്നുകൊടുക്കുക .
Flaw =defect - വൈകല്യം
Paterfamilias= father or head of a family കുടുംബനാഥൻ
Inmate= അന്തേവാസി
Obligatory= ചുമതലയായുള്ള
Malinger = ജോലിയിൽ നിന്ന് ഒഴിവാക്കാ നുള്ള അസുഖനടിപ്പ്
Shirk= avoid -
Connive= overlook a fault തെറ്റ് കണ്ടില്ലെന്ന് ഭാവിക്കുക .
Prank= playful action
Vocational= തൊഴിൽപരമായ
Let's revisit and reflect
1. In 'Tolstoy Farm', there is reference to various skills. Identify them and fill in the bubbles
a)-Gardening
b)-Shoe making
c)-Carpentry
d)-Cooking
e)-Independent living
2. You must be familiar with Gandhiji's concept of education: 'By Education I mean an all round drawing out of the best in the child and man, body, mind and spirit.' How far is it true with the learning experiences in the Tolstoy Farm? Write your answer in a short paragraph. .................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................
A)-Gandhiji's views on education were made in practice in the Tolstoy Farm. Students were given enough opportunity to develop their physical strength and mental strength along with some vocation for making a living. The students can select their own interests there. This selection made the learning easy. Moreover, the teachers also co operate and Co-work with the students to give them motivation and confidence.
ഇനി വരുന്ന ക്ലാസ്സുകളുടെ നോട്ടുകളും ,മറ്റുവിഷയങ്ങളുടെ നോട്ടുകളും ,മറ്റു ക്ലാസ്സുകളുടെ നോട്ടുകളും നിങ്ങള്ക്ക് PDF ആയി ലഭിക്കാൻ വീഡിയോ മുഴുവൻ കാണുക,തുടർന്ന് ചാനൽ സബ്സ്ക്രൈബ് ചെയ്യുക ,
4 Comments
Thankss
ReplyDeleteThankss
ReplyDeleteCan't understand anything
ReplyDeleteI need the answer for my question and it is Gandhiji seriously thought about introducing vocational training in the farm. He shared his idea with Mr Kallenbach what might be their conversation
DeletePost a Comment